Rialto is located in southern California near San Bernardino.
Discovered by a groundskeeper last week, the venomous red pests have set up several mound-like colonies on the football and baseball fields.
The school canceled a freshman football game, moved practices and called the state Department of Agriculture.
"They're from South America," said Syeda Jafri, spokeswoman for the Rialto Unified School District. "How they got here, we have no idea."
The infestation is not to be taken lightly, said Les Greenberg, an entomologist at the University of California, Riverside.